
Curtain walls and window walls are typically specified to meet a variety of different performance and testing criteria, some of which can be quite
In recent decades, there has been increased attention to reduce the operational energy performance of buildings. Stringent legislation on building
Computer simulations of an automated dynamic facade in a passively heated and cooled building by using predictive modeling of short-term future
With net zero and carbon neutral mandates on the near horizon, New York City has pushed the green building envelope by leveraging incentive-based
This paper examines two profoundly different design approaches: one, herein called ‘autonomous’, where the building’s design is governed by internal
This paper will explore steel forming methods other than cold drawn or hot rolled processes, and how they allow steel to be utilized as the primary
Understanding how a building will reflect sunlight has gone from a rare requirement to a key consideration during the planning permission process in
This abstract proposes that architectural facade design over the last 60 years has convulsed in light of two disruptions: air spaces which create
Photovoltaics (PV) have been utilized in buildings for decades, especially in Europe where legislative support has largely driven the market. With
Closed cavity facades (CCF), a configuration of Double Skin Facade (DSF), consists of a double-glazed unit on the inner layer and single glazing on