Embodied carbon in buildings is a key factor in building decarbonization and while it is generally small compared to operational carbon, the
Amidst the critical conversations about the need to build better and more efficient building skins, designers are also mindful of the need for the
Effective thickness is a simplified method for the structural evaluation of laminated glass section properties. The method consists of defining the
Window glass design using ASTM E 1300 entails determining glass thickness(es) and types so that the window glass construction load resistance
Anisotropy is also known as Brewster marks, quench marks, strain pattern, leopard spots, Iridescence, etc. Although anisotropy is inevitable when
Iridescence effects, quench marks, leopard marks… The names given to optical anisotropy in toughened and heat-strengthened glass are diverse and